requestId:68499aba13f4f1.58570344.
Original title: The era value of Dong Zhongshu’s social management thinking
Author: Liu Baisong
Source: Author Author Authorization Confucian Network First published
Time: Confucius was the 19th day of the lunar month of Wuxu in the year 2569
2018
2018
The author of this article is to respond to the criticism of Dong Zhongshu’s thoughts by Teacher Zhu Yongjia. As we all know, Teacher Zhu Yongjia was a follower, guardian and practitioner who constantly rebelled over the past thirty years, and enjoyed a high reputation in the academic world. There were differences with the anti-Confucians of the common customs. Teacher Zhu Yongjia dared to adhere to the reactionary route of “evaluating the law and criticizing Confucians”, wandering in the historical areas, evaluating the past and present, and providing a set of referenceable theories to those with knowledge. In the past, some people mentioned that whoever can hold Qin Shihuang and Chen Yao and Wu Guang in their hands at the same time, who can truly use the past and the present and use it flexibly. This article roughly sorts out historical data, takes the era value of Dong Zhongshu’s social management thinking as a starting point, and shares Dong Zhongshu between Qin Shihuang and Chen Yao and Wu Guang to illustrate the historical logic of “The Han family has its own system, and it is originally domineering and overbearing, so how can it be purely moral education?” The seminar version of this article was submitted as a conference paper to the “2018 China Hengshui Dong Zhongshu International Conference Long-term maintenance” and pray to the Fang family to correct it.
【Note】
Zhu Yongjia wrote “On Li Rong”. In 2018, the Chinese Chang’an was in a bookstore. In 2018, the violent machines of the “strengthening country” have been around for more than 60 years. The wealth has been in full swing, and the two extremes of wealth and wealth have become increasingly differentiated, and foreign invasions have increased. The transformation is about to emerge. Emperor Wu carried out a careful study of governance and widely solicited suggestions on governing the country. Dong Zhongshu presented the “Three Strategies of Heaven and Man” with the elements of Confucian scholars, and Emperor Wu followed his essence. A new and powerful era is coming. In the third strategy, Dong Zhongshu mentioned that “the great origin of Tao comes from heaven. Heaven does not change, and Tao does not change.” This sentence has a profound impact on later generations. Students distribute or criticize it from the perspectives of religion, philosophy, politics, and society. Among the doubts of modern scholars, Mr. Zhu Yongjia looks particularly protruding. He was very impressed by Li Rong’s criticism of Dong Zhongshu. In “Shi Chu Essays”, Li Rong pointed out: “‘The great origin of Tao comes from heaven’, which is a mistake for the Confucian scholars of the Song Dynasty. The order is a commander. Isn’t it unjust? Those who read ancient books are kind and polite.” [1] To be fair, in order to clear the social influence of “preserving the principles of heaven and sacrificing human desires”, Li Rong had to trace the root of the root of the Taoist scholars’ cultivation skills and conclude the cause of the disease to Dong Zhongshu. Dong Zhongshu’s “error to the Song Confucians” seemed to have become the final decision. Is it really that way? I am sure to resonate with Dong Zhongshu’s social management thinking in order to get the correct bottom line.
1
The reason why Dong Zhongshu was so proud was that he saw clearly the confusion of national management, the lack of social management, and the absence of Confucian scholars. From the perspective of national registrar system, Han inherited the Qin system and pushed it to the extreme; from the field of conceptual form, he pursued the art of Huang Lao and rested with the common people. People have improved some. The water rises and the boat is high, and some are expensive and extravagant, and they are competing with the common people and doing things arbitrarily. The local area worked hard to prepare troops, gathered exiles, and established independent kingdoms and became the throne of Emperor Ma. The emperor’s enthrone was squeezed dry by these middle rings. The common people can only endure the violence. The two major differences between the rich and wealthy are not allowed to be eliminated.
For the supreme rulers, the reasons for the many obscure are many, creating chaos all the way. Originally, using Huang Lao’s art as the official form of consciousness and criminal law as the management technology, it can still exert positive influence. However, phased results are not impossible to recover. When a dynasty, from top to bottom, is calm in the most enchanting illusion of seeking good fortune and is unwilling to take on social responsibility for self-confession, its upper-level buildings will become muddy and will eventually collapse as long as the foundation is loose.
Emperor Wu was very worried. What should I do? Only old updates are removed. As for the large environment at that time, each company had a renovation plan. Should chooseWhich one to vote for? It depends on which company can resolve the social crisis at that time as a whole. People have desires, and people need to save them. 博官网 This is a fact and cannot be avoided. The rulers should be polite to create favorable conditions for the preservation and development of the common people.
Someone may ask: Doesn’t Confucianism advocate “there is nothing better than few desires”? If there are few desires or even no desires, the principle should become a state of life, and there is no need to discuss “whatever you want”. In fact, this is a very representative misconception. In the face of the expensive and wasteful power, the extravagant and lewd, the Confucianism teaches them to see the desire for silence, and to live in a life that is in line with the emotional; in the face of the cold and displaced people, Confucianism calls on the rulers to commit tyranny and observe the common people, and at the same time, with the help of the family, the country and the society, we must ensure that the masters can overcome difficulties together. It is also the same word “desire”, and people with different elements have different manifestations about it. The right can be “after eating” and the voice of the dog and horse is extremely powerful. In this regard, it is necessary to understand the extreme effect of “no desire is better than few desires”. Looking around, the noodles are full of food and the road is full of food. People can’t even eat the “Quanhuju Soup” so that people can’t eat it. Why talk about Renyi and Rong Zhixin? In this regard, Confucianism must promote social management of “wealth first and then teaching” and “wealth for prosperity”.
Later generations misinterpreted the “distinguishing between the principles of nature and human desires” mentioned by Confucian Song, and used a kind of opportunistic thinking that was either or the other, and used this bias in social life, which caused many prominent conflicts. You must know that “preserving the laws of nature and pursuing human desires” has a concrete meaning. For the correct people, “to go to one part of human desires, one part of the law of nature” is a self-conception of morality; for ordinary people, “to be used every day without knowing it” is more effective. If the righteous character is used to control the words and deeds of ordinary people, and even the highest moral state is used as a standard to force people to approach people, it is no different from “killing people with reason.” This is a trait of Taoism, and it is something that Song Confucians do not want to see.
Since ancient times, there has been an inconsistent argument method that has been used by some people, that is, first misinterpreting the other party’s view, and then using the pressure of Mount Tai to destroy the misinterpreted view, and then proclaiming that the other party’s view has been overturned. Dong Zhongshu and his academic thinking also experienced such misfortune. Some people use their own minds and make rules, mistakenly thinking that Dong Zhongshu suddenly saw the desires of the people and blindly emphasized benevolence and morality. Is this correct statement? No! This is the contempt of future generations for the pre-paying.
Su Xu wrote “Certificate of the Prosperity of the Year”, a new subset of the C
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